Friday, March 24, 2006
Afterword
This story presented in this paper is far from complete.
There are obvious questions without answers (yet): Where were the prisoners kept in 1695 and in 1704-06? Where was Anne Dagault, Barthélémy’s mother, from? Who were Barthélémy’s grandparents? Who were the “other” Bergerons, the ones listed in Father Adrien Bergeron’s genealogy? Where is Marie-Anne Bergeron’s birth certificate hiding in Massachusetts? What, precisely, was the relationship between the Blinns and the Bergeron d’Amboises? Was Michel Bergeron I actually a deep-sea sailor? Did he make trips between Acadia and France, or did he only ply the waters of the Bay of Fundy? Precisely where was the Bergeron d’Amboise home on Campobello? How much time did they spend there compared to their residence in Port Royal? When and where did Barthélémy die? The same questions can be asked for Geneviève. How close were Michel Bergeron II and Ambroise St.-Aubin? Was Marguerite Bourg, Michel II’s wife, truly a member of a Native Nation and which one? Where did Michel II learn his carpentry trade?
And these are just the questions that may stand some chance of eventually being answered.
It has been my privilege to have made contact with a number of individuals who did a great deal of research and shared it with me. Now I would ask the readers of this paper to also help. If someone lives in Boston, it sure would be wonderful if they could find Marie-Anne’s birth certificate. Etc., etc., etc., etc. And, as you can see from this paper, any data shared with me will get proper credit.
In addition, there are also the oral histories. Families pass down stories. Guy Desilets illustrates that with his story of the rosary during Michel II’s trek. I am a historian, but to me a real part of history is what people believe and remember, the stories they hand down. Oral histories are history, of a different sort, perhaps, but still history. If anyone is willing to share their family stories, I think they could truly bring this story to life. We are all Bergerons and Damboises and Godins and Bourgs and Belliveaus and... we can go on and on. But we are also all part of this story. As I work my way to writing a complete book, nothing would thrill me more than turning this into “Three Acadian Generations: The Story of the Last Three Generations Before the Expulsion” instead of limiting it to the Bergeron d’Amboises.
But that depends on you, dear readers. Can we create a true saga? A real Acadian national treasure? Our undeniable story instead of just another history? To do this, I need your help.
Thank you, cousins.
Sincèrement,
Richard Bergeron
Minneapolis, 2004
Bergeron_Damboise@yahoo.com
References
Ancestry.Com. "Peter Blin family." URL = http://awt.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:554773&id=I5.
Bachrach, Bernard S. Fulk Nerra, the Neo-Roman Consul, 987-1040: A Political Biography of the Angevin Count. University of California Press (Berkeley, Los Angeles, London) 1993.
Balteau, J., A. Rastoul and M. Prévost. Dictionnaire de biographie française. Letouzey et Ané (Paris) 1933. (Abbreviated DBF in the footnotes.)
Bergeron, Adrien, S.S.S. “Barthélémy Bergeron, héros méconnu.” Mémoires de la Société Généalogique Canadienne-Française, Vol. XX - No. 3 (July-August-September, 1969). (Abbreviated “SGCF69c” in the footnotes.)
- - - - -. “Barthélémy Bergeron.” Mémoires de la Société Généalogique Canadienne- Française, Vol. XX - No. 4 (Oct-Nov-Dec, 1969). (Abbreviated “SGCF69d” in the footnotes.)
- - - - -. “La Famille des Bergerons: Découpures de Leur Petite Histoire” (pp. 253-262) in Le Grand Arrangement des Acadiens au Québec. Notes de Petite Histoire, Généalogies, France, Acadie, Québec, de 1625 à 1925. Éditions Élysée (Montréal) 1981. (Abbreviated “LGA” in the footnotes.)
Bergeron, Robert. The Bergeron dit D’Amboise Genealogy. 2002. (Unpublished)
Bitton, Davis. The French Nobility in Crisis, 1560-1640. Stanford University Press (Stanford CA) 1969.
Brodrick, Alan Houghton, edt., The People’s France: Touraine With Anjou and Maine. Hodder and Stoughton, Ltd (London).
Caron, Abbé Ivanhoe, editor and annotator. Journal de l’Expedition de Chevalier de Troyes à la Baie d’Hudson, en 1685. La Compagnie de “L’Éclaireur” (Beauceville) 1918.
Church, Thomas. Philip’s War, Commonly Called the Great Indian War of 1675 and 1676. Also of the French and Indian Wars at the Eastward in 1689, 1690, 1692, 1696, and 1704. J. & B. Williams (Exeter, N. H.) 1834.
City of Boston Web Site: http://www.cityofboston.gov/harbor/main.asp?ID=5.
Cook, Theodore Andrea. Old Touraine: The Life and History of the Famous Chateax of France. James Pott & Co. (New York) 1900.
Cyr, Yvon. “Acadian Genealogy Homepage ...Since 1991.” URL: http://www.acadian.org/census1714.html.
De Castries, Duc, of the Academie Française. The Lives of the Kings and Queens of France. Anne Dobel, translator. Alfren A. Knopf (New York) 1979.
Delaney, Paul. “Les Ancêtres de Marie et Marguerite Boyleau de la Goupillière.” Les Amitiés généalogiques canadiennes-françaises: Bulletin de l’Amicale des familles d’alliance canadienne-française, Bulletin #7, page 11. L’Amicale des familles d’alliance canadienne-française (Les Ormes, France) 2eme semestre 1998. (Abbreviated “AGCF98a” in the footnotes.)
- - - - -. “La Généalogie de Marie et de Marguerite Boyleau.” Les Amitiés généalogiques canadiennes-françaises: Bulletin de l’Amicale des familles d’alliance canadienne- française, Bulletin #7, page 12. L’Amicale des familles d’alliance canadienne- française (Les Ormes, France) 2eme semestre 1998. (Abbreviated “AGCF98b” in the footnotes.)
Demos, John. The Unredeemed Captive: A Family Story from Early America. Alfred A.. Knopf (New York) 1994.
Desilets, Alfred. Souvenirs d’un Octogenaire. P. R. Dupont, Printer (Trois Rivières) 1922.
Desilets, Guy. Souvenirs d’un Gregorien. Éditions du Bien Public (Trois-Rivières) 1997.
Dictionary of Canadian Biography, Vol. II. (Abbreviated DCB in the footnotes.)
Eccles, W. J. The Canadian Frontier 1534-1760. University of New Mexico Press (Albuquerque) 1992.
Gaxotte, Pierre and Claude Frégnac. Merveilles des Chateaux Royaux. Hachette Réalités (Paris?) 1976.
Germe, Jean-Marie. “Origine des Pionniers: 23 mai 1663 - Amboise (Saint-Denis) - Baptême de Barthélémy Bergeron, fils de René B. et Anne Dagault.” Les Amitiés généalogiques canadiennes-françaises: Bulletin de l’Amicale des familles d’alliance canadienne-française, Bulletin #7, page 13. L’Amicale des familles d’alliance canadienne-française (Les Ormes, France) 2eme semestre 1998. (Abbreviated “AGCF98c” in the footnotes.)
- - - - -. “Origine des Emigrants du Département D’Indre-et-Loire vers l’Acadie et la valle du Saint-Laurent: Actes de Baptême, XVIo-XVIII siècles.” Collection: Les Amitiés généalogiques canadiennes-françaises, page 3. L’Amicale des familles d’alliance canadienne-française (Les Ormes, France) Collections, 2eme trimestre 1999. (Abbreviated “AGCF99” in the footnotes.)
- - - - -. “Alliances Tourangelles: Quantin-Dargouges-Testu-Gaultier-De Razilly-Boyleau de la Goupillère.” Les Amitiés généalogiques canadiennes- françaises: Bulletin de l’Amicale des familles d’alliance canadienne-française, Bulletin #12, pages 20-21. L’Amicale des familles d’alliance canadienne-française (Les Ormes, France) 1ère semestre 2001. (Abbreviated “AGCF01” in the footnotes.)
Hamilton, Edward P. The French Army in America & the Musketry Drill of 1755 / L’Armée Française en Amerique & ‘Exercise de l’imfanterie françoise’. Historical Arms Series No. 7. Museum Restoration Service (Ottawa, Ontario) 1967.
Hannay, James. The History of Acadia from its First Discovery to its Surrender to England by the Treaty of Paris. J & A McMillan (St. John, NB) 1879.
Holt, Mack P; The French Wars of Religion, 1562-1629. Cambridge University Press (Cambridge) 1995.
Hooper, Robert. “Welcome to the History of Campobello Island.” The Official Home Site of Campobello Island, http://www.campobello.com/history.html.) Wilson’s Beach, Campobello, NB. 2000.
Huchehault. “French Marines in the Late 17th Century.” (Internet: http://perso.wanadoo.fr/huchehault/L14cfdlm-szg.htm). Undated.
Hutchinson, Thomas. The History of the Colony and Province of Massachusetts Bay. Originally: Harvard University Press (Cambridge, MA) 1936. My copy: Kraus Reprint Co. (New York) 1970.
James, Edward. The Franks. Basil Blackwell, Ltd (Oxford) 1988.
Jetté, René. Dictionnaire généalogique des familles du Québec. University of Montreal (Montreal) 1983.
Jones, Colin. The Cambridge Illustrated History of France. Cambridge University Press (Cambridge) 1994.
Kendall, Paul Murray. Louis XI “... the universal spider...” W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. (New York) 1971.
Kenyon, W. A., and J. R. Turnbull. The Battle for James Bay 1686. Macmillan of Canada (Toronto) 1971.
Knecht, R. J. Catherine de’ Medici. Addison Wesley Longman Ltd. (London, New York) 1998.
Lépine, Luc. “Organisation militaire de la Nouvelle-France,” on the internet at http:// www.militaryheritage.com/nfrance.htm.
Levron, Jacques. Chateau of the Loire. Arthaud (France) 1973.
Ludlum, David M. The Weather Factor. Houghton Mifflin Company (Boston) 1984.
- - - - -. The History of American Weather: Early American Winters 1604-1820. American Meteorological Society (Boston) 1966.
Massachusetts Bay Province Acts and Laws, Votes of the House of Representatives, 28 June 1722. Boston.
Metevia, Dean Russo (drm0@earthlink,net). “Re:L’émerillon” (email note). Gen-Fr-L Archives (http://archiver.rootsweb.com/th/read/GEN-FR/1999-07/0932440752) Mon., 19 July 1999.
Murdoch, Beamish, Esq., Q.C. A History of Nova Scotia, or Acadie, Vol. I. James Barnes, Printer and Publisher (Halifax, NS) 1865
Murchie, Guy. Saint Croix: The Sentinel River: Historical Sketches of Its Discovery, Early Conflicts and Final Occupation by English and American Settlers with Some Comments of Indian Life. Duell, Sloan and Pearce (New York) 1947.
- - - - -. “Glimpses of the Past” from the Saint Croix Courier, a weekly journal from St. Stephen, N.B. , from January 1892 to July 1895.
Naval Reserve Forces, National Defense, Government ofCanada. “The Compagnie franche de la Marine.” (Internet: http://www.navres.forces.gc.ca/navres/HQ-QG/activite/cfm/index_e.htm). Feb. 1, 2002. (Abbreviated “NavRes” in the footnotes.)
Nowlan, Alden. Campobello: The Outer Island. Clarke, Irwin & Company Limited (Toronto) 1975.
Parkman, Francis. Count Frontenac and New France under Louis XIV in France and England in North America, Vol. II. The Library of America (New York) 1983.
Penhallow, Samuel. The History of the Wars of New England With the Eastern Indians. T. Fleet (Boston) 1726. Reprinted as Penhallow’s Indian Wars. Notes, Index and Introduction by Edward Wheelock. Corner House Publishers (Williamstown, MA) 1973.
Perroy, Edouard. The Hundred Years War. Capricorn Books (New York) 1965.
Pitre, Marie-Claire, and Denise Pelletier. Les Pays-Bas: histoire de la région Jemseg-Woodstock sur la rivière Saint-Jean pendant la période française (1604-1759). Société d’histoire de la rivière Saint-Jean (probably Fredericton or St. John, N.B.) 1985.
Poissant, J. C., Dr. "The Genealogy of the Poissant Family." Sister Helena Laberge, translator (1979). (Internet: http://www.johnfishersr.net/JCPoissant55pages.htm).
Public Archives of Nova Scotia website. “An Acadian Parish remembered, The Registers of St. Jean-Baptiste, Annapolis Royal, 1702-1755.” Specific registers: RG 1 Vol. 26 p.52; RG 1 Vol. 26 p.326; RG 1 Vol. 26a p.26. URL: http://www.gov.ns.ca/nsarm/cap/acadian/registers.asp?ID=1379&Search=saint%20aubin&fieldSelect=name.
Ranum, Orest. The Fronde: A French Revolution. W. W. Norton & Company (New York) 1993.
Sergeant, Lewis. The Franks: From Their Origin as a Confederacy to the Establishment of the Kingdom of France and the German Empire. G. P. Putnam’s Sons (New York) 1898.
Tanguay, Abbé Cyprien. Dictionnaire Généalogique des Familles Canadiennes depuis la fondation de la colonie jusqu’à nos jours. Eusébe Senécal, Imprimeur-Éditeur (Provine de Quebec) 1871. Republished on CD-ROM by Global Heritage Press, 2001, with permission of the Société généalogique Canadiennes-Française.
Therriault, André (atherria@lightstream.com). “The King’s Daughters.” (Internet: http://www.ziplink.net/~24601/roots/sources/KINGGIRL.htm) 8 April 1995.
Thériault, Fidèle. Le Village Acadien de la Pointe-Sainte-Anne (Fredericton). Le Petit Courrier, bulletin of La Société d’histoire de la rivière Saint-Jean (Fredericton, NB) April 1995.
Weatherford, Jack. Indian Givers: How the Indians of the Americas Transformed the World. Fawcett Columbine (New York) 1988.
Webster, John Clarence. Acadia at the End of the Seventeenth Century: Letters, Journals and Memoires of Joseph Robineau de Villebon, Commandant in Acadia, 1690-1700, and Other Contemporary Documents. The New Brunswick Museum (Saint John, N.B.) 1934.
White, Stephen A. Dictionaire Généalogique des Familles Acadiennes, Première Partie 1636 à 1714 en Deux Volumes. Élaboré à Partir des recherches commencées par Le Père Hector-J. Hébert, s.j. et L’Abbé Anselme Chiasson, o.f.m., cap. Centre d’Études Acadiennes - Université de Moncton (Moncton, NB) 1999.
Note: Unless otherwise noted, all translations from works in French were made by Richard J. Bergeron.
Monetary comparison: During the time of our story, the typical craftsman made about 20-25 livres per year, a medium level landed squire made 125-150, a high noble (count or duke) may have made as much as 20,000. The king typically received 200,000 livres from his lands and taxes.
This story presented in this paper is far from complete.
There are obvious questions without answers (yet): Where were the prisoners kept in 1695 and in 1704-06? Where was Anne Dagault, Barthélémy’s mother, from? Who were Barthélémy’s grandparents? Who were the “other” Bergerons, the ones listed in Father Adrien Bergeron’s genealogy? Where is Marie-Anne Bergeron’s birth certificate hiding in Massachusetts? What, precisely, was the relationship between the Blinns and the Bergeron d’Amboises? Was Michel Bergeron I actually a deep-sea sailor? Did he make trips between Acadia and France, or did he only ply the waters of the Bay of Fundy? Precisely where was the Bergeron d’Amboise home on Campobello? How much time did they spend there compared to their residence in Port Royal? When and where did Barthélémy die? The same questions can be asked for Geneviève. How close were Michel Bergeron II and Ambroise St.-Aubin? Was Marguerite Bourg, Michel II’s wife, truly a member of a Native Nation and which one? Where did Michel II learn his carpentry trade?
And these are just the questions that may stand some chance of eventually being answered.
It has been my privilege to have made contact with a number of individuals who did a great deal of research and shared it with me. Now I would ask the readers of this paper to also help. If someone lives in Boston, it sure would be wonderful if they could find Marie-Anne’s birth certificate. Etc., etc., etc., etc. And, as you can see from this paper, any data shared with me will get proper credit.
In addition, there are also the oral histories. Families pass down stories. Guy Desilets illustrates that with his story of the rosary during Michel II’s trek. I am a historian, but to me a real part of history is what people believe and remember, the stories they hand down. Oral histories are history, of a different sort, perhaps, but still history. If anyone is willing to share their family stories, I think they could truly bring this story to life. We are all Bergerons and Damboises and Godins and Bourgs and Belliveaus and... we can go on and on. But we are also all part of this story. As I work my way to writing a complete book, nothing would thrill me more than turning this into “Three Acadian Generations: The Story of the Last Three Generations Before the Expulsion” instead of limiting it to the Bergeron d’Amboises.
But that depends on you, dear readers. Can we create a true saga? A real Acadian national treasure? Our undeniable story instead of just another history? To do this, I need your help.
Thank you, cousins.
Sincèrement,
Richard Bergeron
Minneapolis, 2004
Bergeron_Damboise@yahoo.com
References
Ancestry.Com. "Peter Blin family." URL = http://awt.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:554773&id=I5.
Bachrach, Bernard S. Fulk Nerra, the Neo-Roman Consul, 987-1040: A Political Biography of the Angevin Count. University of California Press (Berkeley, Los Angeles, London) 1993.
Balteau, J., A. Rastoul and M. Prévost. Dictionnaire de biographie française. Letouzey et Ané (Paris) 1933. (Abbreviated DBF in the footnotes.)
Bergeron, Adrien, S.S.S. “Barthélémy Bergeron, héros méconnu.” Mémoires de la Société Généalogique Canadienne-Française, Vol. XX - No. 3 (July-August-September, 1969). (Abbreviated “SGCF69c” in the footnotes.)
- - - - -. “Barthélémy Bergeron.” Mémoires de la Société Généalogique Canadienne- Française, Vol. XX - No. 4 (Oct-Nov-Dec, 1969). (Abbreviated “SGCF69d” in the footnotes.)
- - - - -. “La Famille des Bergerons: Découpures de Leur Petite Histoire” (pp. 253-262) in Le Grand Arrangement des Acadiens au Québec. Notes de Petite Histoire, Généalogies, France, Acadie, Québec, de 1625 à 1925. Éditions Élysée (Montréal) 1981. (Abbreviated “LGA” in the footnotes.)
Bergeron, Robert. The Bergeron dit D’Amboise Genealogy. 2002. (Unpublished)
Bitton, Davis. The French Nobility in Crisis, 1560-1640. Stanford University Press (Stanford CA) 1969.
Brodrick, Alan Houghton, edt., The People’s France: Touraine With Anjou and Maine. Hodder and Stoughton, Ltd (London).
Caron, Abbé Ivanhoe, editor and annotator. Journal de l’Expedition de Chevalier de Troyes à la Baie d’Hudson, en 1685. La Compagnie de “L’Éclaireur” (Beauceville) 1918.
Church, Thomas. Philip’s War, Commonly Called the Great Indian War of 1675 and 1676. Also of the French and Indian Wars at the Eastward in 1689, 1690, 1692, 1696, and 1704. J. & B. Williams (Exeter, N. H.) 1834.
City of Boston Web Site: http://www.cityofboston.gov/harbor/main.asp?ID=5.
Cook, Theodore Andrea. Old Touraine: The Life and History of the Famous Chateax of France. James Pott & Co. (New York) 1900.
Cyr, Yvon. “Acadian Genealogy Homepage ...Since 1991.” URL: http://www.acadian.org/census1714.html.
De Castries, Duc, of the Academie Française. The Lives of the Kings and Queens of France. Anne Dobel, translator. Alfren A. Knopf (New York) 1979.
Delaney, Paul. “Les Ancêtres de Marie et Marguerite Boyleau de la Goupillière.” Les Amitiés généalogiques canadiennes-françaises: Bulletin de l’Amicale des familles d’alliance canadienne-française, Bulletin #7, page 11. L’Amicale des familles d’alliance canadienne-française (Les Ormes, France) 2eme semestre 1998. (Abbreviated “AGCF98a” in the footnotes.)
- - - - -. “La Généalogie de Marie et de Marguerite Boyleau.” Les Amitiés généalogiques canadiennes-françaises: Bulletin de l’Amicale des familles d’alliance canadienne- française, Bulletin #7, page 12. L’Amicale des familles d’alliance canadienne- française (Les Ormes, France) 2eme semestre 1998. (Abbreviated “AGCF98b” in the footnotes.)
Demos, John. The Unredeemed Captive: A Family Story from Early America. Alfred A.. Knopf (New York) 1994.
Desilets, Alfred. Souvenirs d’un Octogenaire. P. R. Dupont, Printer (Trois Rivières) 1922.
Desilets, Guy. Souvenirs d’un Gregorien. Éditions du Bien Public (Trois-Rivières) 1997.
Dictionary of Canadian Biography, Vol. II. (Abbreviated DCB in the footnotes.)
Eccles, W. J. The Canadian Frontier 1534-1760. University of New Mexico Press (Albuquerque) 1992.
Gaxotte, Pierre and Claude Frégnac. Merveilles des Chateaux Royaux. Hachette Réalités (Paris?) 1976.
Germe, Jean-Marie. “Origine des Pionniers: 23 mai 1663 - Amboise (Saint-Denis) - Baptême de Barthélémy Bergeron, fils de René B. et Anne Dagault.” Les Amitiés généalogiques canadiennes-françaises: Bulletin de l’Amicale des familles d’alliance canadienne-française, Bulletin #7, page 13. L’Amicale des familles d’alliance canadienne-française (Les Ormes, France) 2eme semestre 1998. (Abbreviated “AGCF98c” in the footnotes.)
- - - - -. “Origine des Emigrants du Département D’Indre-et-Loire vers l’Acadie et la valle du Saint-Laurent: Actes de Baptême, XVIo-XVIII siècles.” Collection: Les Amitiés généalogiques canadiennes-françaises, page 3. L’Amicale des familles d’alliance canadienne-française (Les Ormes, France) Collections, 2eme trimestre 1999. (Abbreviated “AGCF99” in the footnotes.)
- - - - -. “Alliances Tourangelles: Quantin-Dargouges-Testu-Gaultier-De Razilly-Boyleau de la Goupillère.” Les Amitiés généalogiques canadiennes- françaises: Bulletin de l’Amicale des familles d’alliance canadienne-française, Bulletin #12, pages 20-21. L’Amicale des familles d’alliance canadienne-française (Les Ormes, France) 1ère semestre 2001. (Abbreviated “AGCF01” in the footnotes.)
Hamilton, Edward P. The French Army in America & the Musketry Drill of 1755 / L’Armée Française en Amerique & ‘Exercise de l’imfanterie françoise’. Historical Arms Series No. 7. Museum Restoration Service (Ottawa, Ontario) 1967.
Hannay, James. The History of Acadia from its First Discovery to its Surrender to England by the Treaty of Paris. J & A McMillan (St. John, NB) 1879.
Holt, Mack P; The French Wars of Religion, 1562-1629. Cambridge University Press (Cambridge) 1995.
Hooper, Robert. “Welcome to the History of Campobello Island.” The Official Home Site of Campobello Island, http://www.campobello.com/history.html.) Wilson’s Beach, Campobello, NB. 2000.
Huchehault. “French Marines in the Late 17th Century.” (Internet: http://perso.wanadoo.fr/huchehault/L14cfdlm-szg.htm). Undated.
Hutchinson, Thomas. The History of the Colony and Province of Massachusetts Bay. Originally: Harvard University Press (Cambridge, MA) 1936. My copy: Kraus Reprint Co. (New York) 1970.
James, Edward. The Franks. Basil Blackwell, Ltd (Oxford) 1988.
Jetté, René. Dictionnaire généalogique des familles du Québec. University of Montreal (Montreal) 1983.
Jones, Colin. The Cambridge Illustrated History of France. Cambridge University Press (Cambridge) 1994.
Kendall, Paul Murray. Louis XI “... the universal spider...” W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. (New York) 1971.
Kenyon, W. A., and J. R. Turnbull. The Battle for James Bay 1686. Macmillan of Canada (Toronto) 1971.
Knecht, R. J. Catherine de’ Medici. Addison Wesley Longman Ltd. (London, New York) 1998.
Lépine, Luc. “Organisation militaire de la Nouvelle-France,” on the internet at http:// www.militaryheritage.com/nfrance.htm.
Levron, Jacques. Chateau of the Loire. Arthaud (France) 1973.
Ludlum, David M. The Weather Factor. Houghton Mifflin Company (Boston) 1984.
- - - - -. The History of American Weather: Early American Winters 1604-1820. American Meteorological Society (Boston) 1966.
Massachusetts Bay Province Acts and Laws, Votes of the House of Representatives, 28 June 1722. Boston.
Metevia, Dean Russo (drm0@earthlink,net). “Re:L’émerillon” (email note). Gen-Fr-L Archives (http://archiver.rootsweb.com/th/read/GEN-FR/1999-07/0932440752) Mon., 19 July 1999.
Murdoch, Beamish, Esq., Q.C. A History of Nova Scotia, or Acadie, Vol. I. James Barnes, Printer and Publisher (Halifax, NS) 1865
Murchie, Guy. Saint Croix: The Sentinel River: Historical Sketches of Its Discovery, Early Conflicts and Final Occupation by English and American Settlers with Some Comments of Indian Life. Duell, Sloan and Pearce (New York) 1947.
- - - - -. “Glimpses of the Past” from the Saint Croix Courier, a weekly journal from St. Stephen, N.B. , from January 1892 to July 1895.
Naval Reserve Forces, National Defense, Government ofCanada. “The Compagnie franche de la Marine.” (Internet: http://www.navres.forces.gc.ca/navres/HQ-QG/activite/cfm/index_e.htm). Feb. 1, 2002. (Abbreviated “NavRes” in the footnotes.)
Nowlan, Alden. Campobello: The Outer Island. Clarke, Irwin & Company Limited (Toronto) 1975.
Parkman, Francis. Count Frontenac and New France under Louis XIV in France and England in North America, Vol. II. The Library of America (New York) 1983.
Penhallow, Samuel. The History of the Wars of New England With the Eastern Indians. T. Fleet (Boston) 1726. Reprinted as Penhallow’s Indian Wars. Notes, Index and Introduction by Edward Wheelock. Corner House Publishers (Williamstown, MA) 1973.
Perroy, Edouard. The Hundred Years War. Capricorn Books (New York) 1965.
Pitre, Marie-Claire, and Denise Pelletier. Les Pays-Bas: histoire de la région Jemseg-Woodstock sur la rivière Saint-Jean pendant la période française (1604-1759). Société d’histoire de la rivière Saint-Jean (probably Fredericton or St. John, N.B.) 1985.
Poissant, J. C., Dr. "The Genealogy of the Poissant Family." Sister Helena Laberge, translator (1979). (Internet: http://www.johnfishersr.net/JCPoissant55pages.htm).
Public Archives of Nova Scotia website. “An Acadian Parish remembered, The Registers of St. Jean-Baptiste, Annapolis Royal, 1702-1755.” Specific registers: RG 1 Vol. 26 p.52; RG 1 Vol. 26 p.326; RG 1 Vol. 26a p.26. URL: http://www.gov.ns.ca/nsarm/cap/acadian/registers.asp?ID=1379&Search=saint%20aubin&fieldSelect=name.
Ranum, Orest. The Fronde: A French Revolution. W. W. Norton & Company (New York) 1993.
Sergeant, Lewis. The Franks: From Their Origin as a Confederacy to the Establishment of the Kingdom of France and the German Empire. G. P. Putnam’s Sons (New York) 1898.
Tanguay, Abbé Cyprien. Dictionnaire Généalogique des Familles Canadiennes depuis la fondation de la colonie jusqu’à nos jours. Eusébe Senécal, Imprimeur-Éditeur (Provine de Quebec) 1871. Republished on CD-ROM by Global Heritage Press, 2001, with permission of the Société généalogique Canadiennes-Française.
Therriault, André (atherria@lightstream.com). “The King’s Daughters.” (Internet: http://www.ziplink.net/~24601/roots/sources/KINGGIRL.htm) 8 April 1995.
Thériault, Fidèle. Le Village Acadien de la Pointe-Sainte-Anne (Fredericton). Le Petit Courrier, bulletin of La Société d’histoire de la rivière Saint-Jean (Fredericton, NB) April 1995.
Weatherford, Jack. Indian Givers: How the Indians of the Americas Transformed the World. Fawcett Columbine (New York) 1988.
Webster, John Clarence. Acadia at the End of the Seventeenth Century: Letters, Journals and Memoires of Joseph Robineau de Villebon, Commandant in Acadia, 1690-1700, and Other Contemporary Documents. The New Brunswick Museum (Saint John, N.B.) 1934.
White, Stephen A. Dictionaire Généalogique des Familles Acadiennes, Première Partie 1636 à 1714 en Deux Volumes. Élaboré à Partir des recherches commencées par Le Père Hector-J. Hébert, s.j. et L’Abbé Anselme Chiasson, o.f.m., cap. Centre d’Études Acadiennes - Université de Moncton (Moncton, NB) 1999.
Note: Unless otherwise noted, all translations from works in French were made by Richard J. Bergeron.
Monetary comparison: During the time of our story, the typical craftsman made about 20-25 livres per year, a medium level landed squire made 125-150, a high noble (count or duke) may have made as much as 20,000. The king typically received 200,000 livres from his lands and taxes.
# posted by RJBergeron : 7:14 AM
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